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Pre Socratic Philosophers: Thales, Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Parmenides
The origins of Western philosophy trace back to a remarkable period in ancient Greece known as the Pre-Socratic era.
This era, roughly spanning from the 6th to the 5th century BCE, laid the foundational groundwork for philosophical inquiry that would shape centuries of intellectual thought. The Pre-Socratic philosophers, often called the "first philosophers," were diverse in their ideas but united in their pursuit of understanding the fundamental principles of the universe and human existence.
Prior to the Pre-Socratics, ancient Greek thought was largely dominated by mythological explanations for natural phenomena and the workings of the world.
What distinguished the Pre-Socratic philosophers was their shift towards rational explanations based on observation, reason, and critical thinking. Thales of Miletus, often considered the first philosopher, exemplified this shift by proposing that water wa